Summary Ecology free essay sample

Overpopulation and Economic Development Pasadena, McIntyre and Williams (2013) illustrate in their textbook that the population has been increasing over time and it estimates that it will reach more than 10 billion in 2050. That is considered a factor that endangers the suitable land required to live, it means that the environment will be devastated. That growth seems like a threat which can be easily founded in entries like Nepal, Indonesia, Brazil and Malaysia.Those places are considered one of the most important sources of natural material to the earth. There the destruction of forests has commercial influence in the hardwood market, For example, Brazil has made the attempt in 2010 to reduces poverty and provides much-needed employment. However, the consequences were the burning of approximately 9 percent of the Amazon forest. Such devastation cause global harming because of the CA emissions, ND a new tendency to think about its possible solutions is emerging.One of the solutions is take control of the overpopulation, which has as disadvantage negative effects in nations economy. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary Ecology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another solution offered by experts is to create a sustainable environmentally social and economic development. This makes the situation complex because economic development is also a problem in many developing countries. Thus, developed countries are asking to developing countries stop to doing what hey themselves did for the economy growth desired.However, the developed world has skilled strategies, which can be the impulse that developing countries need to approach the change of unsustainable practices. Pasadena et al (2013) emphasize that education and technology development are the most important topic that developed countries can share.

Essay on Biology Notes

Essay on Biology Notes Essay on Biology Notes BIOLOGY EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION 1. Outline the impact on the evolution of plants and animals of: - changes in physical conditions in the environment - changes in chemical conditions in the environment - competition for resources Changes in the environment of living organisms can lead to the evolution of plant and animal species. These environmental changed in condition may be physical, such as temperature changes, or chemical, such as changes in water salinity. Change may also be triggered by competition, for example, competition for resources such as food and water or competition to reproduce. Changes in physical conditions in the environment include natural conditions, such as temperature and the availability of water. Since life first evolved on Earth it has seen many changes. Given that the environment at the time was so antagonistic to life it is a wonder that life evolved at all. The physical environment has changed frequently. Sea levels have risen and fallen. Oceans or dry land has, at various times, covered parts of Australia. Such drastic changes in the environment influence evolution. Fossil evidence indicates that much mass extinction have resulted from changed in the Earth’s physical environment, for example, at the beginning of Pangaea about 90% of marine mammals became extinct. Over a period of 10 million years, dinosaurs along with other organisms became extinct. One theory as to why this occurred is that a meteorite struck the Earth producing a dust cloud that may first have killed many of the plants and animals that dinosaurs ate, causing them to st arve and die. Other scientists argue that climate change could have occurred from continental drift, changing patterns in oceanic circulation, or possibly volcanos. Whatever the cause, the environmental change favoured the organisms that survived. The story of life on Earth us change, extinction and diversification. Environmental change can favour certain species. The Australia landmass has become drier over time and this has lead to changes in the species of kangaroos that are present today. Approximately 25 million years ago, Australia was considerably wetter than today with large areas of rainforest. During this time, kangaroos were small and omnivorous, with unspecialised teeth, eating a variety of foods from the forest floor. Food was nutritious and abundant; there was no need for specialised grinding teeth. As Australia became more arid and grass became the dominant vegetation in some areas, environmental selective pressure resulted in larger kangaroos favouring teeth suitable for grass. These teeth, high-crested molars, efficiently grind low-nutrition grass into a more easily digestible paste. Slicing pre-molars are of little use and so became much reduced from the ancestral kangaroos. Changes in chemical conditions in the environment have also affected evolution. When life first evolved, it developed in an environment free from oxygen. These primitive organisms metabolised simple organic molecules in shallow seas. A product of this metabolism was carbon dioxide. Over millions of years the carbon dioxide accumulated in the environment and at some stage organisms capable of using CO2 in photosynthesis evolved and multiplied. They produced oxygen as a product of their metabolism, creating a chemical environment, which simple animals could exploit. These animals obtained energy from aerobic respiration. The evolution of organisms, as a consequence of chemicals in the environment, is not just ancient history by affects us now. Humans change the environment rapidly. Change and the capacity of populations of organisms to evolve in response to chemicals is sometimes a frustration to humans. Chemicals that can affect the evolution of species include salts and elements, suc h as iron. For example, many parts of Australia have soils that have a high salinity. There is a range of salt tolerant plants that have evolved to inhabit those areas.

Mothers Day Celebrations Around the World

Mothers Day Celebrations Around the World Although the idea of honoring mothers on a special day was known as far back as ancient Greece, today Mothers Day is celebrated in many countries, in many different ways, and on different dates. Where Did Mothers Day Originate? The credit for the American Mothers Day observance goes to three women. In 1872 Julia Ward Howe (1819-1910), who also wrote the lyrics for The Battle Hymn of the Republic, proposed a Mothers Day observance dedicated to peace in the years following the Civil War. Such annual observances were held in Boston in the late 1800s. In 1907 Anna Marie Jarvis (1864-1948), a Philadelphia teacher originally from Grafton, West Virginia, began her own efforts to establish a national Mothers Day. She also wished to honor her own mother, Anna Reeves Jarvis (1832-1905), who had first promoted the Mothers Work Days in 1858 as a way to improve the sanitary conditions in her town. She later worked to relieve suffering during and after the Civil War. With the support of churches, business people, and politicians, Mothers Day came to be observed on the second Sunday in May in most U.S. states within several years of Ann Jarvis campaign. The national Mothers Day holiday became official on May 8, 1914, when President Woodrow Wilson signed a joint resolution, but it was more of a patriotic day on which flags were flown in honor of mom. Ironically, Anna Jarvis, who later tried in vain to combat the increasing commercialization of the holiday, never became a mother herself. Mothers Day in Europe Englands Mothers Day observance goes back to the 13th century when Mothering Sunday was observed on the fourth Sunday of Lent (because it was originally for Mary, mother of Christ). Later, in the 17th century, servants were given a free day on Mothering Sunday to return home and visit their mothers, often bringing along a sweet treat known as the mothering cake that was to be kept until Easter. In the UK, Mothering Sunday is still observed during Lent, in March or early April. In Austria, Germany, and Switzerland Muttertag is observed on the second Sunday in May, just as in the U.S., Australia, Brazil, Italy, Japan, and many other countries. During the First World War, Switzerland was one the first European countries to introduce Mothers Day (in 1917). Germanys first Muttertag observance took place in 1922, Austrias in 1926 (or 1924, depending on the source). Muttertag was first declared an official German holiday in 1933 (the second Sunday in May) and took on a special significance as part of the Nazi motherhood cult under the Hitler regime. There was even a medal- das Mutterkreuz- in bronze, silver, and gold (eight or more Kinder!), awarded to mothers who produced children for the Vaterland. (The medal had the popular nickname of Karnickelorden, the Order of the Rabbit.) After World War II the German holiday became a more unofficial one that took on the cards-and-flowers elements of the U.S. Mothers Day. In Germany, if Mothers Day happens to fall on Pfin gstsonntag (Pentecost), the holiday is moved to the first Sunday in May. Mothers Day in Latin America International Mothers Day is observed on May 11. In Mexico and much of Latin America Mothers Day is on May 10. In France and Sweden Mothers Day falls on the last Sunday in May. Spring in Argentina comes in October, which may explain why their Mothers Day observance is on the second Sunday in October rather than May. In Spain and Portugal Mothers Day is Dec. 8 and is more of a religious holiday than most Mothers Day celebrations around the world, although the English Mothering Sunday actually began under Henry III in the 1200s as a celebration of the Mother Church. German poet and philosopher, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: Von Vater hab ich die Statur, des Lebens ernstes FÃ ¼hren, von MÃ ¼tterchen die Frohnatur und Lust zu fabulieren.

Gun Control community and police safety vs right to bear arms Research Paper

Gun Control community and police safety vs right to bear arms - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that judging by the current statistics, the United States has the highest level of gun-related violence, which is not only greater than everywhere in Western Europe, but around the World. Police officers receive reports of mass shootings virtually every day, with the latest one being the San Bernardino shooting in California, which left 14 people dead and 21 wounded. According to Shootingtracker.com, the San Bernardino shooting is undeniably the deadliest since the Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting, which took place in December 2012, and left 20 children and 6 adults dead. The website, which defines a mass shooting as an incident where four or more people are shot at the same time, equally reports that the United States has witnessed 1052 mass shootings over a span of 1066 days. The situation in the United States is a sharp contrast to that in Scotland for example, which has a population of 5.3 million people but has made great strides in managing gun-related violence. The state of affairs in Scotland is said to have changed after the Dunblane Primary School shooting in March 1996, which left 16 children and 1 teacher dead. The public outcry that resulted from the 1996 incident prompted the British government to act with speed, and ban the private ownership of automatic weapons and handguns within their mainland. The effected changes similarly gave the authorities more control over the licensing of weapons.

Iran and Italy - macro economics assignment Essay

Iran and Italy - macro economics assignment - Essay Example ay before it was hit by recession Italy was already experiencing poor economic performance of an average real GDP growth of only 1% per annum (Morsy and Sgherri, 2010, p.3). This was the period between 2001 and 2007. This growth rate was almost half the euro area growth rate. After the onset of recession in 2008, Italy faced a 7% decline in the GDP. In the first quarter of 2010 the economy started to recover from the poor performance. The recovery was halted in 2011 when the country reentered recession for the second time. The GDP fell by 0.2 % by the second quarter of 201l. By the end of the last quarter the GDP had declined further by 7%. This condition persisted in the first quarter of 2012 and then there was a little improvement although the GDP still remained negative. After the long contraction of the economic performance the GDP started improving in 2014 but it was still negative. The GDP is expected to become positive in the current year. Although a positive GDP is being anticipated the level expected will still below the euro average GDP. Iran on the other hand started facing a contraction in its business cycle in 2011. At the beginning of 2011, the country was facing a constant GDP growth rate of around 6% to 8% per annum. This increasing GDP was halted in mid 2011 when the GDP faced a significant drop. The GDP growth rate fell below 5% and the downward trend continued until July 2012. At this time the GDP had fallen greatly and was on the negative side. The growth rate at mid- year 2012 was estimated to be -10%. This was the lowest level achieved during the period. After the 2012 drop in GDP it started increasing at a constant rate until early 2013 a downward movement. The drop was short term and by mid 2013 the GDP growth rate had started rising again. By mid-year 2014 the GDP growth rate was positive again at a level of around 5%. One of the main reasons for the downward economic growth in Italy was the high public debt. The shrinking GDP in the

How Barbie Dolls Influence Girls Essay Example for Free

How Barbie Dolls Influence Girls Essay How we ever wonder why in toys stores, they separate the girl’s toys from the boys? Or why they have certain kind of toys for girls and boys?. We don’t think about those things. However, we see that dolls are for the girls because how we grew up. Also what society establishes show us, that girls are suppose to play with dolls because when they grow up, they would have to become mothers or housewife, be delicates and more feminine. Therefore this type of mentality was created in girls since they were little and because this is socially acceptable. Boys toys like trucks, cars and action figures, are not consider appropriate for girls because they are not consider to be feminine. According to society those types of toys are only for boys because this would teach them to be more manliness and increase their masculinity. This boys would grow up to be the strong sex and they would be the support of their family while women would take care of the babies and the house. Girls are brainwash with the toys they use, like when girls play with baby dolls, when they carry around their doll, wraps them in a blanket and take them for a nap they are learning true responsibility. However, they are taught to become mothers to early in life. They also play with popular Barbie doll, which also creates a woman stereotype that looks very unreal. These dolls represent the perfect model that is professional and has the perfect life. As a result girls visualize this doll as the type of model to follow, visualizing and creating in their young minds a type of life that doesn’t exist. Like having the perfect outfit, the perfect car or the handsome boyfriend that could cheat on them or treat them bad and that regardless of this situation it wouldn’t affect them. â€Å"Since her creation in 1959, Barbie has been a popular toy for young girls in the U. S. In 1998, on average, girls in the U. S. owned eight of these dolls and approximately two were purchased every second somewhere in the world†. By Elise Abramson). Consequently when girls play with Barbie dolls, their ways to view life is different. They create a new world where they become perfect grown ups, which is a major influence in the way they behave and think. Barbie is not a good role model for girls because this doll sends a wrong message to them about their roles in society. Barbie focus more on shopping and always being perfect with her unrealistic body. Also some of these dolls come showing some career like veterinarians, octors but always focusing on being cute and only working with cute things. Therefore, girls think about it as the way things are suppose to be and they try to act what they see or imagine, creating different scenes in their heads that projects the wonderful life that is perpetuate by this doll. In short, what we have to consider too, is that those negatives images impose by this doll to girls is also reinforce by society, which also creates a certain stereotype of women and they way she should be and look.

Service Quality in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry Essay example -

There are so many research studies that have been conducted relating to service quality and customer satisfaction as this topic has been the centre of attraction in the service industries. Both these words play an important role in determining the competitiveness and the survival of an organisation in the tourism or the hospitality industry. The following chapter commences with a brief look at the tourism industry, followed by the definition and explanation of service quality. This chapter also tries to provide the link between customer perceptions, expectations and satisfaction. Gaps evolving between the management of an organisation and the perceptions of the customers are evaluated in detail. The latter part of the chapter focuses on SERVQUAL which is used as a tool for measuring service quality. Five basic dimensions of service quality have been evaluated in detail from the perspective of different authors which is followed by the criticism of SERVQUAL. The determinants of servic e quality have been identified in terms of airline industry and the relation between delivery of service quality and customer satisfaction has been highlighted at the end. Furthermore, this paper will try to demonstrate how an airline could manage its service quality by using the ‘SERVQUAL’ as a diagnostic tool to measure the expectations of number of different passengers. The Tourism Industry Tourism has become a vital tool for major revenue in many countries and regarded as an important catalyst in improving the global economy. Air travel has made the world smaller and accessible in many ways. Many state of the art airlines and airports across the world have catered to the ever growing demands of the customers who wish to travel by air. Those who... ....59-74. Supernanent, C. and Churchill, N. G., (1982) An investigation into the determinants of customer satisfaction. Journal of marketing research, 19 (4), p.491-504. Surveymonkey (2012) Introduction. [online] Available at: http://www.surveymonkey.com/ [Accessed: 24th February 2012]. Veal,A.J. 2006. Research methods for Leisure and Tourism: A practical guide. Third edition. Pearson Publication, London. Walle, A. (1997) Quantitative versus Qualitative Tourism Research. Annals of Tourism Research, 24 (3), p.524-536. Wong, K. and Musa, G. (2011) Branding satisfaction in the airline industry: A comparative study of Malaysia Airlines and Air Asia. African Journal of Business Management, 5 (8), p.3410-3423. 123helpme (2011) Components of customer services. [online] Available at: https://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=148474 [Accessed: 12th february 2012].