Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Executive Remuneration in Australian Companies Research Paper

Official Remuneration in Australian Companies - Research Paper Example Subsequently the Australian Government strategy objectives chiefly rely upon the compensation practice, particularly the commitment and casting a ballot exercises of the organizations. Anyway this exploration proposition would show the investors' enthusiasm on building up a powerful official compensation system for chiefs and administrators and distinguish a successful compensation system in Australia which is required for improvement and straightforwardness of the compensation procedure and practice in a causal possibility structure of assembly/dissimilarity. Hypothetical and applied structures on official compensation for chiefs of Australian organizations and administrators have been created throughout the years to help productivity speculation which perpetually verges on the need to build estimation of the firm in conformance with basic achievement factors. As indicated by Chartered Secretaries Australia (CSA), chiefs and official compensation levels and structure have frequently been affected by the presence of an assortment of variables like network and political concerns, rules and guidelines, code of training and rules, showcase trade rules and bookkeeping norms. Under the segment 9 of the Corporation Act characterizes compensation of official as compensation if and just if the advantage, were it gotten by an executive of the organization, would be compensation of the chief for the reasons for a bookkeeping standard that manages exposure in organizations' monetary reports of data about executives' compensation (Australian Corporati on and Securities Legislation, 2009). The compensation to all the officials in an association can be clarified as the total or total of the installments accepting by all the administrators including Directors, CEO, and Managers from an organization or an enterprise. In this way it comprises of the typical installments to the officials, for example, essential compensation, all motivating forces, extra, shares and some other advantages, for example, stipends. Official compensation is a significant component of corporate administration and the degree of advantages are deciding by the top managerial staff. The assurance of the degree of the pay of all these key people in go with is an unpredictable procedure to the

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Romantic Vs. Rationalist Essays - Lecturers, German Idealism

Sentimental Vs. Pragmatist Essays - Lecturers, German Idealism Sentimental Vs. Pragmatist Sentimentalism and Rationalism Sentimentalism started in the mid-eighteenth century and arrived at its stature in the nineteenth century. The Romantic writing of the nineteenth century holds in its subjects the goals of the timeframe, focusing on feeling, nature, and the declaration of nothing. The Romantic time was one that centered around the shared characteristic of mankind and, while utilizing feeling and nature; the artists and their works shed light on individuals' widespread natures. Sentimentalism as a development declined in the late nineteenth century and mid twentieth century with the developing strength of Realism in the writing and the fast headway of science and innovation. Be that as it may, Romanticism was impressionative on most people during now is the right time. Logic or Realism was raised during the mid nineteenth century. Authenticity are thoughts that are raised in philosophical reasoning. The sensible development of the late nineteenth century saw creators precisely delineate life and it's issues. Pragmatists endeavored to give a far reaching image of current life by introducing the whole picture. They didn't attempt to give one perspective on life yet rather endeavored to show the various classes, habits, and delineation of life. The Rationalist perceives that they should ace their own predetermination, utilizing their novel forces of reason and the logical strategy to take care of issues. Such creators that speak to these two periods are Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, William Wordsworth and Charles Darwin. Sentimental people accepted that one expected to comprehend nature to get oneself. At the end of the day, just through nature would one be able to find what their identity is. Emerson shows this in his composing called Nature. In the apply man sees fairly as delightful as his own temperament. This portrays Emerson's emotions toward nature; see nature as you see yourself. On the off chance that one perspectives nature as mindful and sympathetic, one will likewise consider themselves to be mindful and caring. Correspondingly on the off chance that you comprehend nature you will realize yourself better. As one additions insight from nature, one starts to understand that understanding is an entryway to the celestial just as to oneself. Different authors additionally concurred with this thought of nature. In the article Walden by Thoreau, Thoreau had left society to move into a safe house outside of his town. By living on just the necessities he carried on with his life as basic as possible, subsequently finding the awesome inside himself. By being isolated from society and being unified with yourself are the main ways one can locate the heavenly. Thoreau felt by doing this general public would make some harder memories to shape him into what it needed him to think. Thoreau left an existence of extravagance for deliberate destitution. Despite the fact that he was less fortunate in his outward wealth he was well off in his internal wealth. A decent number of sentimental perspectives on Nature recommended utilizing Nature as ones apparatus to learn. This is clear in William Wordsworth's sonnet The Tables Turned. In the sonnet The Tables Turned Wordsworth states to stop your books [for it is] a dull and perpetual strife[;] enough of Science; close up those infertile leaves. Wordsworth accepted piece that books were pointless to gain from. He accepted that we should Let Nature be [our] Teacher [for it]may show you a greater amount of man [and] moral great and evil[, more] than all the sages can. Wordsworth concurred with the past idea that to comprehend the heavenly and oneself, they should initially begin with getting Nature. This View of considering Nature is made one stride further by Charles Darwin. Maybe the most engaging nature of Darwin's work was that it represented marvel in a simply naturalistic way. It was the most logical clarification yet, totally evacuating the otherworldly clarification, and separating him from the scholars before him. The major agitated logical inquiry of Darwin's Theory was be with respect to characteristic choice as the component for change, which turned into the issue among the overall population also. It took quite a long while for the possibility of normal determination to get acknowledged inside established researchers. Darwin's work was not promptly acknowledged as science. One might say, he was progressive, not only for proposing a clarification of development that expelled the extraordinary component, yet in addition for the way that he had the option to introduce his plans to

Friday, July 31, 2020

How Skin Picking Shares Similarities With OCD

How Skin Picking Shares Similarities With OCD OCD Types Print How Pathologic Skin Picking Is Related to OCD By Owen Kelly, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 17, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on December 13, 2019 Science Photo Library / Getty Images More in OCD Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Living With OCD Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Prevalence Link to OCD Differential Diagnosis Treatments View All Back To Top Pathologic skin picking,  or excoriation, is a mental illness in which you compulsively pick your skin to remove small irregularities such as moles or freckles, causing skin lesions. Its classified as a disorder thats related to  obsessive-compulsive disorder  (OCD) and its symptoms certainly share some similarities with those found in OCD.?? Symptoms of Pathologic Skin Picking The main characteristic of pathologic skin picking also referred to as excoriation or dermatillomania, is repetitive or compulsive picking, or even digging, in the skin to the point of causing skin damage, scarring and/or infection??. It is not uncommon for people with skin picking to engage in picking for several hours per day. As a result, people with pathologic skin picking often have difficulty maintaining steady employment or interpersonal relationships. When picking, people may use their fingers, tweezers, pins or other instruments to remove a perceived blemish. Common areas of focus include the face, back, neck, and scalp. Although picking can involve normal skin, picking is most commonly triggered by small blemishes, imperfections, scabs, and insect bites. Symptoms of skin picking can be similar to those of OCD.?? Prior to picking, many people describe a compulsion-like urge to pick at imperfections in the skin and a relief of anxiety when the imperfection is removed. Later, however, the person may feel shame or be embarrassed about his picking, which can often lead to depression. Prevalence Approximately 2 to 4 percent of the population is affected by pathological skin picking.?? Interestingly, most people seeking treatment are female. Skin picking can start at any age but usually begins in adolescence with the onset of skin conditions such as acne, eczema, or psoriasis. Skin picking, or excoriation, is diagnosed when the individual has tried unsuccessfully to lessen or even stop the picking, which causes excessive distress and anxiety and impairs daily functioning.?? Link to OCD Not surprisingly, there appears to be a strong link between skin picking and OCD.?? Skin picking occurs in people with OCD at a much higher rate than the general population. Also, skin picking is often tied to body dysmorphic disorder, which involves a preoccupation with imagined bodily defects.?? So while its not technically OCD, skin picking is classified by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) as an obsessive-compulsive related disorder.?? Differential Diagnosis Before making a diagnosis of dermatillomania, in other words, skin picking as a mental health disorder related to OCD, its important to rule out other possible causes of the picking.?? Its also important to note that all picking is pathological. Picking that is considered on the spectrum of OCD usually causes significant distress and impairment of ordinary activities. Some problems which could be mistaken for picking include:?? Skin infections such as  scabies. Scabies can be extremely itchy, but it often missed when it occurs in well-groomed middle-class people. The scratching which almost always accompanies the itch can obscure the diagnosis.Skin diseases such as eczema.Systemic (bodywide) diseases. Elevated bilirubin levels from liver disease can cause intense itching. Itching may also accompany many other medical conditions.Chemical dependency on drug use or withdrawal. Treatments for Skin Picking Skin picking often causes considerable embarrassment and distress as a result of the unsightly wounds caused by picking, as well as the lengths the affected person may have to go to conceal her picking, such as wearing long sleeves during warm summer months or covering her face with a scarf. Unfortunately, many people do not seek treatment because of the embarrassment associated with skin picking. This can be dangerous or even life-threatening as people often require medical interventions for their skin wounds, which can easily become infected.?? Find Relief From These Online Therapy Programs Skin picking appears to respond best to treatment with cognitive-behavior therapy  (CBT). Medications, often selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors  (SSRIs) may be needed.?? If you are experiencing symptoms that you think might be skin picking, be sure to talk to your doctor or mental health professional.

Friday, May 22, 2020

Review Of The Movie Stranger - 904 Words

Comedy is a way of using jokes, dialogue, or actions to make an audience laugh. The movie Stranger Than Fiction uses comedy constantly during the course of the movie. The movie is about a man named Harold Crick that is living an ordinary life as an IRS Auditor. He begins to hear a narrator narrate his entire life and his future. He then goes crazy and gets assigned to audit a baker. The baker, Ana Pascal, starts to hate Harold because of his job but soon falls in love with him throughout this funny and sort of romantic movie. Harold finds out he is going to die by the narrator in the second half of the movie and starts to panic. He wants answers on how he’s going to die and when he is going to die. This movie may sound like a serious romantic movie by reading the summary but, it’s actually mainly known as a Comedy. There are many types of comedy used throughout this movie but, the types that were used the most in Stranger Than Fiction was Observational Comedy, Situation al Comedy, and Tragicomedy. In the beginning of the movie director, Marc Forster, uses Observational Comedy to make fun of Harold’s life. Throughout the first ten minutes of the movie the narrator is telling the audience about Harold’s boring dead-end life. The narrator begins to talk about how boring his job is, how weirdly organized he is, and how lonely he is. This comedy makes fun of how Harold lives his simple life and how he might have no future. Soon he begins to hear this narrator and starts to panic.Show MoreRelatedMovie Review : Pirates Of The Caribbean On Stranger Tides 1914 Words   |  8 Pages504563970 Professor Jonathan Kuntz TA, M. M. Reinhard Research Paper 2 B-MOVIES: THE SECONDARY PRODUCTION Hollywood today spends more money on movies than ever before, with an average budget of $140 million per movie. ‘Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides’; the most expensive movie ever made; cost approximately $378.5 million and that was five years ago. This isn’t surprising since history is witness to a rising trend in money spent on movies, however, even after adjusting for inflation, theirRead MoreThe Performance Of The Nielson Company1552 Words   |  7 Pagesbrought in large revenues for the producers and theaters. However, with the growing availability of online streaming people now have the ability to access movies in the comfort of their own homes, which brings about the debate of whether watching a movie at home or in a theater creates the most enjoyable experience. The Nielson Company is a business that produces television program ratings and as of 2011, the company reported that 96.7% of American households own at least one television set (Stetler)Read MoreMedieval Themes Reflected in Modern Literature and Movies Essay examples898 Words   |  4 PagesThe common themes often presented in tales of the Medieval times still make appearances in the films and literature that are popular among our society today. The book The Kindness of Strangers, written by Katrina Kittle, and the movie King Kong, directed by Peter Jackson, are two examples that portray many known characteristics of the times of King Arthur, such as honor, chivalry, loyalty, and bravery. The legend of King Arthur revolves around the Knights Code of Chivalry. Although there wasRead MoreBaby boom Critique1072 Words   |  5 PagesBoom†, is a heartfelt and comical movie in one. J.C. Wiatt played by (Diane Keaton), is a woman of a fast paced lifestyle dedicated to her profession working 75-80 hours a week. J.C has no time to spare for her personal or romantic life, or relaxation time for that matter with her schedule. (The film shows J. C. and her live-in mate, played by Harold Ramis, grudgingly allocating four minutes for sex one evening before going right back to their reading (Movie Review - Baby Boom - Film: Baby BoomRead MoreThe Fifth Symphony By Ludwig Van Beethoven1561 Words   |  7 Pagesheld a concert to debut his pieces, but it did not go as well as planned. The audience was bored and tired from sitting in the auditorium too long that their interest level decreased. It was not until a critic by the name of E.T.A Hoffmann wrote a review analyzing the symphony, in order to show his readers the particular affects Beethoven used to create his music. The symphony soon began its popular status as being the central item in that time period. The overall expression of this piece is aboutRead MoreAnalysis Of Do The Right Thing By Spike Lee991 Words   |  4 PagesIt’s no secret that Spike Lee is defiant of mainstream Hollywood expectations and is no stranger to controversy. In a review written by James Berardinelli, he writes, â€Å"The movie confronts racism head-on, with the kind of clear-eyed and unflinching attitude that is rarely seen in major motion pictures. Lee does not pander to political correctness, nor does he sermonize† (Berardinelli, Do the Right Thing). This use of aggressive tackling of racial issues was never-before seen in black cinema on suchRead MoreThe Story Of Elisabeth Fritzl And Room By Lenny Abrahamson1264 Words   |  6 PagesRemember those times when your parents said to never talk to strangers? And because you were a good daughter or son, you obeyed what they said. However, what happens when you’re older and talk to strangers that are adults, expecting them to be mature and filled with righteous behavior, and figure out that you were wrong and now find yourself abducted from everything that you ever knew. Some people experience this trauma and never make it out to tell their tale, while others’ do, the story of ElisabethRead MoreImpact Of Digital Media On Cinema1690 Words   |  7 Pagesof appealing promotional materials, or keep them at home by offering them cinema experience at home. Production The first and foremost change lies in the way films are produced. Films productions become easier than ever that ‘anyone can make a movie’ (Hanson 2008, p. 264). Digital cameras have been gradually replacing traditional cameras due to its advantages: cost–saving and time–saving. Traditional cameras are limited to the number and length of shots that can be taken, while digital camerasRead More Pulp Strikes Back Essay1179 Words   |  5 Pagesand some interesting director decisions make Pulp Fiction a cult classic. Pulp Fiction refers to a genre of American paperbacks produced from the late 30s to mid-50s, typically lurid in subject matter designed merely to entertain. Likewise, the movie takes a shocking though comedic glance at the greed, violence, and drama surrounding the Los Angeles crime scene. Mike LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle said, The tone is darkly comic in the face of almost operatic violence.† Vincent Vega (JohnRead More Slasher Movies: Female Victims or Survivors? Essay1030 Words   |  5 Pageswhen she should be running out the front door. It’s insulting,† claims the character Sidney, in the movie Scream (1996). This stereotype is what many movie fans and critics believe when the topic of slasher films arise. Slasher films normally include a psychotic killer (either real or supernatural), a number of victims (often female), and usually the only person alive at the end of the movie is a female. Yet, one has to question these stereotypes. Are slasher films really that degrading towards

Sunday, May 10, 2020

Cognitive Behavioral Theory Essay - 1328 Words

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a short-term, problem-centered therapy that is used to address psychopathology within the individual (Beck, 1995). This model of therapy is used to address issues of depression, anxiety, eating disorders, relational problems, and drug abuse, and can be utilized when working with individuals, as well as within group and family modalities. The core aspects of this therapy include collaboration and participation by the client, a strong alliance between therapist and client, and an initial focus on current problems and functioning (Beck, 1995). The theory of CBT emphasizes the relationship between the individual’s thoughts feelings and behaviors, which is seen as being the underlying cause of†¦show more content†¦Once an automatic thought occurs within the individual, it triggers a feeling, which in turn triggers the individual’s response, such as a behavior and/or physiological response. For example, after a young child be gins to pick up his blocks to be put away, his mother rubs him on the back and gives him praise for his actions. His automatic thought may be, â€Å"I am good when I put away blocks,† triggering a feeling of confidence, an increased level of physical energy, and the behavior of putting away the remaining blocks. Automatic thoughts can be neutral, positive, or negative. We all have our own automatic thoughts as we move through our day-to-day lives and interact with others. In regards to individuals with psychological disorders, the cognitive model looks at how negative thoughts influence the individual’s feelings and behaviors (Beck, 1995). From a CBT lens, it is the negative automatic thoughts that an individual has that perpetuate symptoms of psychological disorders, the occurrence of negative mood, uncomfortable physiological responses, and maladaptive or inappropriate behaviors (Beck, 1995). While we all have moments of experiencing negative automatic thoughts, for those with psychological disorders, and more pervasive difficulties in living, negative thoughts are often experienced in situations that are neutral, producing negative feelings that lead to maladaptive behaviors or responses that would notShow MoreRelatedBehavioral Theories And Cognitive Behavioral Theory1834 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract The two theories chosen to take a closer look into are Behavioral Theory and Cognitive-Behavioral Theory. Behavioral Theory focuses on how human behavior is based on direct consequences due to the environment in which one is in. Cognitive Behavioral theory is to help an individual deal with the thinking process and the problem solving. Taking a closer look into a case study for women in prison who deliberately inflict self-harm and how cognitive-behavior therapy help them through and understandRead MoreCognitive, Cognitive Behavioral, and Reality Theory929 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive, Cognitive Behavioral and Reality Theory ï ¿ ½ PAGE * MERGEFORMAT ï ¿ ½1ï ¿ ½ Cognitive, Cognitive Behavioral, and Reality Theory PCN 500 Cognitive, Cognitive Behavioral, and Reality Theory Overview There are many definitions of counseling, but most share the same idea: it is when one person helps another. To me counseling represents one word more than any other: Change. One person is unhappy with some area of their life and wants it to change while the other person helps to facilitate that changeRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Theory And Behavioral Therapy2176 Words   |  9 Pages â€Æ' A Cognitive Behavioral Approach to The Case of Stan Overview – Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Cognitive behavior therapy, or CBT, combines both cognitive and behavioral principles and methods in a short-term treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapies are based on a psychoeducational model that emphasizes the role of homework and places responsibility on the client, assuming an active role both during and outside of the therapy sessions (Correy 2009). CBT can be thought of as a combination of bothRead MoreCognitive Theory : Cognitive Behavioral Therapy3341 Words   |  14 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy in Educational Settings Rebecca Yoder John Carroll University Abstract Cognitive theories are believed to centralize around the idea that a thought is the cause for emotions. Cognitive theory has directly influenced the development of other cognitively based therapies that provide a more in-depth and concentrated approach to the presenting problems of a client. Specifically, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one division of the cognitive theory that focuses onRead MoreBehavioral Theory Of Cognitive Therapy795 Words   |  4 Pageslearning theory. From their point of view, symptoms were not caused by disease; rather, the symptoms were the disease. In some cases, such as phobias and obsessive-compulsive behaviors, the assumption was that the symptoms were learned behaviors that could be unlearned; even if the symptoms were not acquired through learning, however, it was assumed that they could be modified by learning (some forms of behavior therapy were called behavior modification), (Bickhard, dated 1980). Cognitive Therapy:Read MoreCognitive Behavioral Theory Of Cognitive Behavior Therapy1756 Words   |  8 PagesTheoretical Analysis Cognitive Behavioral Theory Several prestigious and monumental contributors commenced the development of cognitive behavioral therapy. The four main catalysts have been Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, Judith Beck, and Donald Meichenbaum. Each of these trailblazers lead a different aspect of cognitive behavior therapies. While working through his own personal fears and anxieties, Albert Ellis developed what is now termed rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) and is the firstRead MoreCognitive Theory And Behavioral Theory Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Theory and Behavioral Theory 1. Cognitive Theory Cognitive Theory and/or Development is a subject that is often discussed and/or debated frequently within the psychological community. There is a significant amount of theory into how much development happens naturally and how much is learned from outside sources. This is constantly debated throughout study after study. The common theory is that only a certain amount of cognition can be achieved through a child learning by themselves andRead MoreCognitive and Behavioral Theories721 Words   |  3 Pagesdifferent theories; especially about development. And, just like every theory there are pros and cons. Each theory was created by different people with their own perspective and their own biases. It would be ignorant to say that one theory had all the answers. There were two theories I read about that caught my attention, Cognitive and Behavioral. I have heard about the growing popularity of Cognitive Behaviorists and I am curious about how they are similar and different. On the Cognitive part ofRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Theory And Family Therapy3298 Words   |  14 Pages Cognitive Behavioral Theory in Relation to Family Therapy Amy Trimm Fall 2104 Texas AM Central Cognitive Behavioral Theory in Relation to Family Therapy Abstract This essay is intended to evaluate one therapeutic intervention or theory that may be used in Family therapy. The theory being examined is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, or for short CBT. The essay will begin with defining CBT and discussing the underlying principles, techniques and concepts of the approach. Some practicalRead MoreThe Use Of Cognitive Behavioral Theory ( Cbt ) Essay2082 Words   |  9 PagesIn pursuit of ways in which new skills and behaviors can be taught in a group setting, the following paper will examine the use of cognitive behavioral theory (CBT) in groups of individuals struggling with substance abuse issues. To begin with, there will be an overview of the selected population, including information contained within the DSM-V outlining exactly who fits into the population of those with substance-related disorders. Next, will be an analysis of research supporting the efficacy

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Eighth Amendment Free Essays

The eighth amendment is defined as â€Å"excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted (Lectlaw, 2010). This amendment was adopted as part of the Bill of Rights in 1791. The eighth amendment serves the purpose of protection of those who are innocent until proven guilty and to ensure that all persons are treated fairly in the criminal justice system. We will write a custom essay sample on The Eighth Amendment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Defendants who are not released on bail are being denied the opportunity to prepare their defense. Also, denying bail or having excessive bail imprisons the defendant without being properly convicted. There are cases, however, where bail must be denied or set excessively high. If an unconvicted defendant is feared to be a danger to the community or a flight risk, the constitution permits the denial of bail (FindLaw, 2010). The â€Å"no excessive fines clause of the eighth amendment presides fines directly imposed by, and payable to the government and in civil forfeiture cases† (Onecle, 2009). The term â€Å"excessive† still has not been defined by the United States court system. Asset forfeiture, however, has become a key element in the war on drugs as the government has the power to seize property of persons that have not yet been convicted of a crime (Hornberger, 2005). The law â€Å"there shall not be cruel and unusual punishment† under the eighth amendment means that society will deem what is cruel and unusual. The standards of society transform over time as citizens â€Å"do better when they know better†. Medevil practices such as cutting off the hand of a theif are obviously unacceptable forms of punishment in today’s modern society. While the death penalty is used in some states for those who commit the most heinous of crimes, not all states impose such a severe sentence. The first known execution within the United States occurred in the year 1607 in Jamestown. Captain George Kendall was shot to death by a firing squad for allegedly spying against the British (Justice, 2009). Since then, there has been a struggle among society and lawmakers attempting to decide if the death penalty falls under unusual and cruel punishment. In the late 1960s, â€Å"all but 10 states had laws authorizing capital punishment† (Justice, 2009). During Furman v. Georgia in 1972, the U. S. Supreme Court decided against capital punishment on federal and state levels. The majority ruled in a five to four vote that the death penalty violated the rights of the eighth amendment (Justice, 2009). Over 600 inmates sitting on death row had their sentences overturned between the years 1967 and 1972. This suspension of the death penalty continued until 1976. During the Gregg v. Georgia case in 1976, the court decided to uphold a procedure in which the trial of â€Å"capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases† (Wikipedia, 2010). These proceedings entailed a jury to first decide if a defendant is guilty. Based upon that decision, then a jury decides whether any aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty: life in prison or capital punishment (Wikipedia, 2010). In 2002, the United States Supreme Court decided that the execution of criminals who are mentally ill to be cruel and unusual punishment. Also, in 2005, it was decided that the execution of criminals under the age of 18 to be cruel and unusual as well. As of the year 2008,†the death penalty is authorized by 37 states, the federal government and the U. S. Military† (Clarkprosecutor, 2008). Alaska, Hawaii, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, Minnesota, North Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Rhode Island do not support capital punishment (Clarkprosecutor, 2008). If the past has any influence on the future, the laws governing the death penalty will probably change time and time again. Society must do the best they can with the knowledge they acquire. Who is to say that the death penalty will be abolished forever or that possibly the death penalty might become usual punishment for crimes less than heinous? The future, in regards to the death penalty, may hold some surprises for us. Only the future will reveal what is to come. ClarkProsecutor. Org, 2008. The death penalty. Retrieved on January 31, 2010 from http://www. clarkprosecutor. org/html/death/dpusa. htm FindLaw (2010). The eighth amendment. Retrieved on January 30, 2010 from http://www. findlaw. com/ Hornberger, Jacob. G. The bill of rights (2005). Retrieved on January 30, 2010 from http://www. fff. org/freedom/fd0503a. asp Justice (2009). History of the Death Penalty. Retrieved on January 30, 2010 from http://justice. uaa. alaska. edu/death/history. html LectLaw (2010). The eighth amendment. Retrieved on January 30, 2010 from http://www. lectlaw. com/def/e082. htm Onecle (2009). Excessive Fines. Retrieved onJanuary 30, 2009 from http://law. onecle. com/constitution/amendment-08/02-excessive-fines. html Wikipedia (2010). The eighth amendment. Retrieved on January 30, 2010 from http://www. wikipedia. org How to cite The Eighth Amendment, Papers

Wednesday, April 29, 2020

Rococo and Neoclassical Art

Table of Contents Introduction Rococo Art Neoclassical Art Historical Art Analysis Conclusion References Introduction Art develops over generations through improvements and modifications of previous art works. Many art styles we see today such as the rococo, middle ages, renaissance, mannerism, baroque, neoclassical, romanticism and the likes all seem to have evolved out of individual works or from the cultural or social influences that surrounded their formation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rococo and Neoclassical Art specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Certain art works are also developed from the styles and characteristics of previous art periods while others developed as a continuation of previous art works or as a reaction to specific art styles (Sporre, 2003, p. 3). For instance, during the ancient Greek period, classical art developed from the neoclassical period and cubism developed as a reaction to the ancient art style of painting (Sporre, 2003, pp. 2-3). This study illustrates such relationships with a keen sense of analysis and critique on the origin and development of art. Specifically, we will analyze the relationship between neoclassical and rococo arts since the neoclassical art developed as a reaction to the latter. Rococo Art Rococo art started in the 18th century and was characterized by the flexibility of artists to become more experimental with art. When compared to previous art forms, it was more playful, ornate and florid (Lewis, 2008, p. 342). In the French analysis of rococo, it is largely assumed that the style developed from the Louis XV’s reigns; meaning that most of the art developed in France during the mid 18th century falls in this category. Rococo art was characteristic of the use of objects in decorating art (especially the use of stones and ornaments). The style was also characteristic of shell-like curves which were interestingly used as groun ds for its critique as well (Yegengil, 2010, p. 3). However, the rococo art design has been widely accepted in most artistic circles and now stands as a major turning point in conventional European art. Neoclassical Art The Neoclassical art movement was majorly advanced as a reaction to the rococo art. Basically, it was a reaction to the use of natural ornaments in the rococo movement. This style originated from the classical Greece period and from the works of an Italian artist, Andrea Palladio, who majorly emphasized on portrait walls as opposed to the chiaroscuro while maintaining different identities to each part (Buser, 2005, p. 406). The neoclassical art is majorly termed as evocative and picturesque but it majorly seeks to relive the classical periods or the ancient Rome period as some of its proponents would suggest (Yegengil, 2010, p. 3).Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The advent of the neoclassical art later became some sort of global movement with many of its proponents emphasizing more on the planar qualities of art as opposed to the sculptural volumes evidenced in rococo and baroque architecture. With regard to the general outlook characteristics of neoclassical art, Yegengil (2010) says that: â€Å"Projections and recessions and their effects of light and shade are flatter; sculptural bas-reliefs are flatter and tend to be enframed in friezes, tablets or panels. Its clearly articulated individual features are isolated rather than interpenetrating, autonomous and complete in themselves† (p. 4). Some of the most common types of neoclassical architecture can be seen in the Old museum in Berlin, Capitol in Washington D.C and similar buildings across Europe. The advent of this art style was majorly facilitated in the Napoleonic era which was largely fanned by young and upcoming Italians who wanted to make a progressive political statement in art and o ther areas of social progression at the time (Yegengil, 2010, p. 3). Historical Art Analysis To best conceptualize the development and characteristics of the rococo art period, we can use a champagne bottle. The design of the bottle can be viewed as a baroque art design (which the rococo developed from) but the form in the champagne bottle can be best analyzed as rococo art. In other words, the themes associated with rococo art are lighter because they don’t revolve around serious themes like religion or politics; instead, it deals more with social matters like man’s lust for the woman, the social life of aristocracy, physical nature and the likes (Wilder, 2007, p. 27). Principally, this art style also revolves around asymmetry and also majorly includes the use of curved lines and ornaments which don’t emphasize the need for balance. However with the advent of the neoclassical art period in the mid 18th century, balance and symmetry was emphasized as a reaction to rococo art designs. In other words, this art period emphasized more on technical art and balance, inspired by antiques derived from the Roman era. Since rococo art was also characteristic of pale colors, the neoclassic proponents emphasized more on sharp colors. This movement was later picked up in many fields such as music, visual arts, architecture and the likes. There was a deep sense of Romanism during the development of this art style but the Roman inspiration was derived from the archeological studies that were going on during that period (Yegengil, 2010, p. 5). More specifically, the discovery of the antique ruins created an emphasis on the beauty of civilization and the successes associated with Greeks and Romans; with regard to the development of their empires.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rococo and Neoclassical Art specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This fact totally changed the perception of art during that time because there was a shift in emphasis from the natural forms of art (rococo art) to classical antique (Yegengil, 2010, p. 5). Comparatively, the rococo art period was much more inspired by nature, personal amusement, and the physical world. Also in drawing more comparison, the rococo period was facilitated by the death of Louis XIV, from whom the baroque art derived its principles from. Its prominence was also facilitated by the rise of the middle class and the increased consciousness of fashion in the French capital, Paris (Yegengil, 2010, p. 6). It is therefore clear that the advent of the rococo art was a major shift from the emphasis of fear and respect which was advanced by the baroque art to more relaxed forms of art. In other words, it focused on the lighter elements of life, like pleasure and nature. On the other hand, the neo classic proponents were majorly inspired by the simplicity of certain figures in the roman and Greek empires and this was later follo wed by a high appreciation of Greek democracy (Buser, 2005, p. 406). The importance of the neoclassical art in the real world was seen from its wide use in the French empire by the napoleon regime which sought to stamp its superiority by using the art style to paint heroic figures. In this manner, the neoclassic art style majorly revolves around themes such as heroism, justice, courage honor and other virtues associated with democratic leadership and hierarchical structures (Yegengil, 2010, p. 6). The Rococo art on the other hand had a huge bearing on the interior design of arts and the development of sculptures and paintings; it was also largely associated with the regime of King Louis XV. Its major impact in the art world was that it developed pieces of art which appealed more to the senses as opposed to the intellect. Conclusion The neoclassical art can be seen to react to the lack of emphasis on order and restraint by the rococo art. Rococo art on the other hand seems to emphasi ze more on natural beauty and the appeal to human senses as opposed to the intellectual appeal of neoclassical art. Neoclassical art was also greatly inspired by antiques of the Roman Empire but rococo art was facilitated by the death of King Louis XIV. Both art styles had a lot of influence on European literature of the 18th century because the neoclassical art portrayed political truths in a comical manner and rococo art instilled a need to decorate art in a fluffier manner.Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Buser, T. (2005). Experiencing Art around Us. London: Cengage Learning. Lewis, R. (2008). The Power of Art. London: Cengage Learning. Sporre, D, J. (2003). Perceiving the Arts: An Introduction to the Humanities. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Wilder, J. B. (2007). Art History for Dummies. New York: For Dummies. Yegengil, O. (2010). Neoclassical and Rococo Styles after Baroque Period. Retrieved from https://ezinearticles.com/?Neoclassical-and-Rococo-Styles-After-Baroque-Periodid=1651510 This essay on Rococo and Neoclassical Art was written and submitted by user Arturo Sanders to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.